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IMF concludes visit to Albania: Budget will face high costs, tighten monetary policy
Albania's economy is facing pressures as a result of the war in Ukraine, through the immediate rise in prices and further tightening of global financial conditions. The public sector is likely to face higher costs of foreign financing in the long run. This is one of the main messages of the International Monetary Fund at the end of the visit to Albania. The fund said it needed to provide more targeted support to those in need and those most exposed to protecting them from inflation. This should be enabled within the level of existing budget expenditures for 2022 through redistribution. Saving potential revenues collected over the plan, as well as a reliable consolidation from the revenue side in the medium term,
The Fund suggested that monetary policy should be tightened more and in time, to curb inflationary pressures and to reorient inflation expectations within the Bank of Albania target.
Full statement:
"The sharp increase in the price of energy and food, as well as the increase in the costs of foreign financing due to the war in Ukraine, represent the third blow to the Albanian economy in recent years. Economic growth in 2022 is projected to be around 3 percent, supported by tourism and construction, but weakened by the impact of rising prices. Inflation has risen sharply above the central bank's 3 percent target, turning into broad-based inflation. Inflation is expected to remain high in the coming months — driven by import prices — before returning to target in early 2024, reflecting the impact of monetary policy tightening.
"The authorities have reacted quickly to the recent crackdown and some of the support measures taken are well-oriented and time-limited. The authorities have taken a fair decision that they have avoided temporary tax cuts, which bring benefits indirectly to those who are better off economically, can distort price signals, are costly and difficult to undo . Given the challenges of the transparency board that monitors the prices of some basic food items, we see fit to replace it with well-oriented support for the poor and the exposed strata in order to protect them from the effects of rising prices. For this reason, efforts to improve the social protection system in the country must continue,
"The 2022 budget (as revised in March) has enough space to support citizens and the economy. Therefore, any additional revenue beyond what is provided in the budget should be saved to recreate the necessary space for fiscal policy. This is very important, as the costs of external financing have increased significantly and may be high for a long time. The public sector needs to be prepared to operate under tighter external conditions. Additions to temporary support for the needy, as well as increased costs for procurement or public works, due to rising prices, should be kept within the existing level of budget expenditures through redistribution.
“Një konsolidim i besueshëm afatmesëm që bazohet në kahun e të ardhurave është tashmë edhe më i rëndësishëm për rindërtimin e hapësirave fiskale që praktikisht janë shfrytëzuar në pjesën më të madhe. Borxhi publik dhe veҫanërisht nevojat për rifinancim duhet të ulen për aq kohë sa ekonomia vazhdon të shënojë rritje. Ne e mirëpresim angazhimin e qeverisë për zbatimin e rregullave aktuale fiskale, përfshi këtu dhe arritjen e një bilanci primar të paktën zero deri në vitin 2024. Në këtë kuadër, puna për përgatitjen dhe zbatimin e Strategjisë Afatmesme të të Ardhurave (SAA) duhet të vaz+hdojë. Ne përgëzojmë nismën e ndërmarrë nga qeveria me mbështetjen e FMN-së, për forcimin e ligjit për tatimin mbi të ardhurat, që synon thjeshtimin, rritjen e efikasitetit dhe barazi më të madhe mes tatimpaguesve të cilët fitojnë lloje të ndryshme të ardhurash. Përpjekjet e qeverisë për forcimin e administrimit të të ardhurave duhet të vijojnë pa asnjë vonesë. Ne ritheksojmë këshillën tonë kundër një amnistie të mundshme fiskale, duke pasur parasysh shqetësimet për ndikimin e saj në përmbushjen tatimore, si dhe rreziqet që lidhen me pastrimin e parave dhe administrimin tatimor.
“Trazirat në tregjet energjetike globale kanë rënduar më tej barrën fiskale që vjen prej sektorit të energjisë elektrike dhe theksojnë nevojën urgjente për reforma vendimtare për t’i kthyer qëndrueshmërinë financiare ndërmarrjeve shtetërore. Përveç kësaj, nevojiten ndryshime graduale të tarifave, të cilat duhet të shoqërohen me masa që mbrojnë shtresat e varfëra dhe në nevojë.
“Ne e mbështesim vendimin e Bankës së Shqipërisë për të vijuar me normalizimin e politikës monetare dhe vëmë re se ajo mbetet lehtësuese, pavarësisht rritjes së normës bazë të interesit në mars. Për të frenuar trysnitë e brendshme inflacioniste dhe për të kthyer pritshmëritë për inflacionin sërish drejt objektivit, nevojiten rritje të mëtejshme të normës bazë të interesit. Kërkohet vigjilencë, pasi vonesa e tepruar në shtrëngimin e politikës monetare mund të kërkojë më vonë rritje më të larta të normës bazë për të kthyer inflacionin në objektiv. Strategjia mbi kohën dhe masën e shtrëngimit të politikës monetare duhet të komunikohet qartë në mënyrë që të ruhet besueshmëria e bankës qendrore dhe që të ankorohen pritshmëritë për inflacionin.
The financial system has so far responded well to shocks, supported by the Bank of Albania's insistence on strengthening the regulatory and supervisory framework. As monetary conditions tighten, continued vigilance will be essential to monitor the sensitivity of banks' balance sheets to loans with variable interest rates, as well as changes in the price of government securities. We commend the Bank of Albania's continued efforts to strengthen capital reserves./ Monitor
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