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"I don't know how I survived": Russian soldiers tell how the war in Donbas is going
At the end of February, Ivan, who lives in Volchika in the Siberian Altai region, received a phone call from his close friend Andrei. The latter has been called by the Russian authorities to fight in Ukraine. Although the two have been in constant communication - even after Andrei's commitment to the war - at that time it had been a week since the two friends had spoken.
"I will never forget that phone conversation", Ivani told Radio Free Europe. "It was the first time I heard him speak with a trembling voice: 'I don't know how I survived. I'm the only one in the group left alive'. The man cried for 10 minutes until he told me how other soldiers were killed in front of his eyes, including some only 20 years old.
For months now, Russia and Ukraine have been waging fierce fighting in the Donbass region, including battles in the cities now known to the whole world: Bahmut, Avdivka and Marinka. The fighting, which involved mercenaries from the Russian private military group Wagner, has been compared to the most brutal fighting on the Western Front during the First World War.
Even Wagner's founder, Kremlin-connected businessman Yevgeny Prigozhin, has described the Bakhmut offensive as a "meat grinder." "He saw them dying and couldn't do anything to help them", said Ivan about his friend, Andrei.
The Russian government has restricted reporting and information from this war zone. However, rumors have started to spread from the mobilized Russians and their friends, who have revealed a lot about the serious situation of the soldiers, the lack of training and weapons, which has resulted in a large number of victims. Because the Russian Government has punished those who have spoken openly about the war, Radio Free Europe has withheld the identities of the characters in this article.
"Dead or abandoned"
A woman from the Siberian city of Angarsk told Radio Free Europe that her husband, who was called to fight, called her one day from the hospital and told her that he was treating his wounds. taken in battle. "He told me that in the early hours of March 1, his group of 25 men was forcibly taken out by Moscow-backed separatists in the Donetsk region and left in an open field. The separatist soldiers then fled. They are left there without support, in two armed tanks. They immediately started to attack. In conclusion, they faced bombardment for hours."
“Ai e di edhe për dy burra të plagosur”, ka thënë gruaja. “Të gjithë të tjerët ose janë vrarë, ose janë braktisur”. Deri më tani, Moska ka raportuar për 6.000 persona të vrarë, prej kur e ka nisur luftën në Ukrainë, në shkurt të vitit 2022, mirëpo shifra zyrtare besohet se është shumë më e madhe.
Analistët perëndimorë besojnë Rusisë i janë vrarë ose plagosur 200.000 njerëz në luftë. Ivani ka thënë se i është dashur kohë derisa ka vendosur të flasë publikisht për bisedat që ka pasur me Andrein. Megjithatë, në fund, ai ka thënë se “nuk ka pasur kuptim që të qëndroj o heshtur dhe të pres nëse do të rregullohet gjithçka”.
“Asgjë përveçse copë mishi”
Andreit, 32-vjeçar, i është dërguar thirrja për luftë në vjeshtën e vitit 2022, pak pasi presidenti rus, Vladimir Putin ka shpallur mobilizim të pjesshëm ushtarak. Ai e ka marrë këtë vendim pas kundërofensivës së suksesshme të ushtrisë ukrainase në verilindje, e cila ka rezultuar me zmbrapsjen e ushtrisë ruse dhe çlirimin e rreth 12.000 kilometrave katrorë.
Andrei ka qenë pjesëtar i bankës rezervë të ushtrisë ruse rreth një dekadë më parë. Ai i ka kaluar tre muajt e parë, pas mobilizimit, në një bazë në qytetin siberian, Omsk, ka thënë Ivani. “Gjatë gjithë kohës, ai ka shtënë me një karikator plumbash”, ka rikujtuar Ivani. “Ata kanë qëndruar në formacione dhe kanë marshuar përreth”.
Më vonë, njësiti i tij është dërguar në Gadishullin ukrainas të Krimesë – të cilin e ka pushtuar Rusia më 2014 – për “mbrojtje territoriale”. Mirëpo një muaj më vonë, ata kanë kthyer në rajonin pjesërisht të pushtuar, Zaporizhja, i cili gjendet në jug të Ukrainës. “Aty, ata kanë kaluar një javë dhe më pas janë nisur në drejtim të Vuhledarit”, ka thënë Ivani, duke iu referuar një qyteze në Ukrainë, e cila gjendet në rajonin e Donjeckut.
“Në Vuhledar ka qenë një rrëmujë e madhe – fortifikime dhe llogore. Secili e ka ditur që ajo zonë është si humnerë, Brigada Detare e 155-të është shkatërruar thuajse tërësisht aty. Grupi i mikut tim është dërguar më pas aty për riorganizim”. Andrei e ka kaluar një javë afër Vuhledarit, duke u përballur me luftime të ashpra, ka thënë Ivani.
“Nuk ka pasur mbrojtje të mirëfilltë”, ka thënë ai. “Mbulesa e artilerisë ka qenë sporadike, dhe shpesh nuk është ditur se cila anë është duke gjuajtur. Ata me raste kanë shtënë me armë edhe kundër trupave të tyre”.
Pas atyre luftimeve, Ivanin e ka telefonuar miku i tij dhe atëherë ai është shokuar. “E kam kuptuar nga ajo çfarë ka thënë se komandantët i konsiderojnë burrat si copë mishi dhe asgjë tjetër”, ka thënë Ivani.
“Atyre u kanë thënë ‘Bravo’, ose ‘Ju po e mposhtni armikun’, mirëpo në realitet ata i kanë shfrytëzuar për t’u mbrojtur nga vetë ushtarët e tyre dhe secilën herë që dikush ka bërë pyetje ose është ankuar, ata janë dërguar sërish në sulm”.
“Brigada ime nuk ekziston më”
Pas bisedës telefonike, njësiti i Andreit është dërguar në disa luftime edhe më intensive afër qytetit të Avdivkas. “Më 3 mars, ata janë shtyrë që të luftojnë kundër fortifikimeve afër Avdivkas”, ka thënë Ivani.
“Më pas nuk kam pranuar asnjë thirrje nga Andrei për 10 ditë”. “Më ka telefonuar më 13 mars, direkt prej frontit”, ka thënë Ivani. “Thirrja ka zgjatur shtatë minuta. Kurrë në jetë nuk kam dëgjuar më shumë trishtim në zërin e dikujt – ‘Brigada ime nuk ekziston më’”. “Burrat janë dërguar në luftë vetëm me pushkët e tyre”, ka thënë ai.
“Nuk ka pasur mbrojtje ajrore. As ndihmë mjekësore. Shumë prej tyre kanë vdekur në mungesë të ofrimit të ndihmës. Ushtarët e plagosur kanë mbetur në fushëbetejë. Vetëm ata që janë plagosur lehtësisht janë ndihmuar. Komandantët kanë frikësuar nga humbja e armëve të rënda.
Ushtarët janë detyruar të luftojnë. Zyrtarët u kanë thënë hapur ‘ju për ne jeni vetëm copë mishi dhe asgjë më shumë. Harrojini medaljet dhe bonuset që u kemi premtuar. Ju thjesht nuk ekzistoni’”. Andrei është ankuar se forcat ruse shpesh janë bombarduar nga artileria e tyre. “Vijat e frontit janë shumë afër, 100 deri në 150 metra”, ka thënë Ivani.
“Mund të supozoj se burrat e angazhuar në artileri, ose sapo janë mobilizuar dhe nuk kanë ditur si t’i përdorin armët, ose kanë pasur pak përvojë. Mirëpo diçka vërtet nuk shkon aty”. Në mesin e muajit mars, Ivanin e ka telefonuar sërish Andrei. Ai ka thënë se prej 300 burrave me të cilët ka udhëtuar në Omsk, ai beson se vetëm tre kanë mbijetuar.
Ivani i ka cituar fjalët e Andreit, siç i janë kujtuar: “Kam ardhur këtu për të mbrojtur tokën armë. Mirëpo më duket se vetëm do të vdes në tokë të huaj. Edhe burrat që kanë ardhur me mua, me siguri kanë vdekur në tokë të huaj dhe Zoti e di përse”.
Andrei i ka treguar Ivanit se situata ka qenë “katastrofë totale” dhe se synon të refuzojë ndonjë pjesëmarrje në beteja tjera.
"He said that he doesn't know what will happen to him after the rejection," Ivani told Radio Free Europe. Meanwhile, in Volčika, Andrei's wife and small child are waiting for him, as is his mother. His wife told Radio Free Europe that she constantly writes to the local military commission to get information about her husband's unit. She has been told several times that her husband is in charge of "territorial defense" in areas controlled by the Russian army./REL
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