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'Kathimerini' reveals secret negotiations: The agreement reached by Tirana and Athens in Brussels
The Greek daily " Kathimerini " has revealed details of secret negotiations between Tirana and Athens regarding national minorities, specifically, the Greek minority.
Referring to the article, the negotiations took place in Brussels, where the Greek side was represented by officials from the Permanent Representation, while Rama sent his own representative, Endri Fuga.
Based on negotiations, the Greek and Albanian parties have agreed that the Greek national minority will declare itself as such without the need for additional documents, even when living in an area that is not a minority.
ARTICLE:
Tirana's current progress in EU accession negotiations is seen as an opportunity to improve Greek-Albanian relations and resolve key disputes, especially since Prime Minister Edi Rama's government recently passed implementing laws in 2017 that essentially provide for the right to self-determination of members of the Greek national minority even if they live outside areas where this was possible.
This specific move led Athens to decide not to block the last accession chapter opened to Tirana, and the two sides now appear to be in ongoing consultations on other important issues. The case of Fredis Beleris, the New Democracy MEP, had a negative impact on Greek-Albanian relations and also alarmed Tirana, as it became clear that even such a conflict with Greece could keep Albania out of the European orbit.
Amidst the tension, the negotiations took place mainly in Brussels. Although intense, the atmosphere was constructive.
Athens was in contact with representatives of the Greek national minority throughout the behind-the-scenes consultations for the adoption of the implementing laws, which agreed that in this way one of the most important and permanent rights of the Greek National Minority would be secured. The negotiations were conducted mainly with a focus on Brussels, with a key factor on the Tirana side being Mr. Edi Rama's secret collaborator, Edri Fuga, while on the Greek side officials from the Permanent Representation were involved. In essence, the texts were formulated in close cooperation between Athens and Tirana and provide for the following:
Së pari, njihet roli i përcaktimit të lirë dhe individual, ndërkohë që për herë të parë aplikanti nuk i kërkohet të sigurojë dokumentet e gjendjes civile për të mbështetur kërkesën e tij. Për më tepër, pranimi brenda 30 ditëve nga vetëvendosja e qytetarit është bërë i detyrueshëm, ndërsa janë hequr përgjegjësi të ndryshme që mund të krijonin probleme, kryesisht nga nivelet e ndryshme të vetëqeverisjes (bashki dhe qark). Në tekstet e ligjeve fillestare zbatuese, ekzistonte një dispozitë e tretë për aktivizimin e një përjashtimi dhe një procedurë verifikimi shtesë në rast se aplikanti "banon në një zonë që nuk shfaq karakteristika të veçanta kulturore, etnike, gjuhësore, fetare apo tradicionale". Për të tejkaluar këtë pengesë specifike, u shtua shprehimisht se këto karakteristika supozohen edhe nga ekzistenca ose mungesa e organizatave etnike. “Procedura e verifikimit të jashtëzakonshëm” ishte në thelb mjeti i autoriteteve shqiptare që nga koha e Enver Hoxhës, për t'iu mohuar shqiptarëve etnikë të drejtën e vetëvendosjes.
Gjuha
Në fushën e përdorimit të gjuhës nga një pakicë kombëtare, dëshira e kahershme e Greqisë u pranua për herë të parë, përtej kriterit të ekzistencës së të paktën 20% të popullsisë dhe rastit ku "minoriteti jeton tradicionalisht". si kusht për të drejtën e përdorimit të gjuhës. Burime të mirëinformuara bëjnë të ditur se ndonëse negociatat kanë qenë intensive, atmosfera ka qenë konstruktive. Gjithashtu, u ra dakord për kuadrin për sigurimin e zbatimit korrekt të dispozitave zbatuese nga autoritetet shqiptare. Në këtë drejtim mund të përdoret Komisioneri i Lartë i OSBE-së për Pakicat Kombëtare dhe sigurisht Komisioni, i cili do të monitorojë çështjen në kuadër të raportit vjetor të progresit të Shqipërisë, në kapitullin e grupit të parë të kapitujve. Sigurisht që zbatimi do të monitorohet edhe nga vetë minoriteti kombëtar grek me ndihmën e ambasadës greke në Tiranë. Diskutimet u mbyllën në prag të Krishtlindjeve dhe pak ditë më vonë ligjet zbatuese u miratuan nga Këshilli i Ministrave të Shqipërisë (844 dhe 845/26-12-2024). Më 27 dhe 30 dhjetor, respektivisht, ligjet janë publikuar në Gazetën e Qeverisë dhe tashmë janë në fuqi.
Perspektiva
Ky bashkëpunim i mirë tani hap mundësi për diskutim për çështje më të vështira, siç është prona e pakicave. Athina dhe Tirana tashmë kanë rënë dakord të ndihmojnë qeverinë shqiptare në zgjidhjen e çështjeve të pazgjidhura. Ekspertët grekë nga Regjistri Grek i Tokave.
Gjithashtu, pala shqiptare shfaqet e gatshme të zbatojë plotësisht marrëveshjen ndërshtetërore për funksionimin e varrezave ushtarake ku janë varrosur ushtarët e rënë të luftës greko-italiane të viteve 1940-41.
At the same time, there is a willingness on the Albanian side to resume the process of resolving the dispute over the delimitation of the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). Among the Greek national minority, there is also satisfaction with the fact that the possibility of voting by mail has now been provided, which means that they can vote even if they work in Greece or in another country.
The Greek side. Goodwill gestures should be expected from the Greek side. The most important, which also has a political impact on Albanian politics, is the recognition of social security.
From the Greek side, some gestures of goodwill should undoubtedly be expected. The most important, which also has a political impact on Albanian politics, is the recognition of social security (mainly pensions, i.e. an agreement to be signed between Athens and Tirana). Negotiations on this issue have already started in recent months. Moreover, Greece will also be pressured by its European partners to officially lift the embargo. The most difficult issue for the Greek side, of course, is related to the properties of the Chams, who, as collaborators of the Nazis, were expelled from Western Greece after the war. These are properties that are under protection and currently concern about 200 properties in different areas. The main difficulty in dealing with this specific issue is not related to the properties themselves, but to the fact that it is also related to the irredentist aspirations presented by extremist Cham organizations.
The ballot box in May
In any case, Mr. Rama is a few months away from the parliamentary elections of May 11 of this year and the European perspective is the most important argument against his opponents - albeit weak ones". At the same time, in Athens they know well that without the leverage offered by Albania's need to respect the European acquis, even these positive developments for the minority would not be possible. Therefore, the year 2025 presents an opportunity in Greek-Albanian relations that Greek diplomacy does not intend to leave unexploited.
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