
Flash News
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, an increasingly authoritarian populist, will be sworn in and begin his third presidential term on Saturday. He won the election in a runoff, which took place on May 28.
Recep Tayyip Erdogan, who has led Turkey as prime minister or president for 20 years, won despite the country's ongoing economic crisis and criticism of his government's poor response to an earthquake in February that killed more than 50,000 people.
Known as "reis" or "chief" among his supporters, the 69-year-old Mr. Erdogan is now the longest-serving leader in the history of the Turkish republic. His re-election to a five-year term that runs until 2028 extends his rule into a third decade, and he could possibly serve longer with the help of a friendly parliament.
Here's a look at Erdogan's career and some of the reasons for his political longevity.
It's not the economy
Many experts agree that Turkey's dire economic problems result from Erdogan's unconventional fiscal policies — most notably, cutting interest rates against rampant inflation, despite economists' warnings. However, the majority of voters – he received 52% of the runoff vote – did not seem to be swayed by this fact. Inflation in Turkey reached 85% in October before easing to 44% in April
Erdogan's resilience amid a cost-of-living crisis –– may have resulted from many people preferring stability to change as they struggle to pay high prices for rent and essential goods.
The president has demonstrated an ability to strengthen the economy in the past. And he has never shied away from spending and deploying government resources to his political advantage.
Over the past two decades, his government has spent a lot of funds on infrastructure to please voters. In the run-up to last month's parliamentary and presidential elections, he raised wages and pensions to soften the blow of inflation and approved government subsidies for electricity and gas.
A point of pride for many voters is Turkey's growing military-industrial sector. Throughout the campaign, Mr Erdogan frequently mentioned domestically produced drones, aircraft and a warship known as the world's "first drone carrier".
On the world stage
Erdogani ka tërhequr shumë turq në anën e tij me mënyrën se si ai vepron në skenën botërore. Mbështetësit shohin tek ai një udhëhës që ka treguar se Turqia mund të jetë një lojtar i madh në gjeopolitikë, ndërkohë që shfaq rol të pavarur teksa angazhohet me Lindjen dhe Perëndimin.
Turqia është një anëtar kyç i NATO-s për shkak të vendndodhjes së saj strategjike në udhëkryqin e Evropës dhe Azisë, dhe ajo kontrollon ushtrinë e dytë më të madhe të aleancës. Gjatë mandatit të Erdoganit, vendi ka dëshmuar të jetë një aleat i domosdoshëm dhe, nganjëherë, i mundimshëm i NATO-s.
Qeveria turke ka penguar hyrjen e Suedisë në NATO dhe ka blerë sisteme ruse të mbrojtjes raketore, duke bërë që Shtetet e Bashkuara të largojnë Turqinë nga një projekt avionësh luftarak të udhëhequr nga SHBA. Megjithatë, së bashku me Kombet e Bashkuara, Turqia ndërmjetësoi një marrëveshje jetike të kohës së luftës që i lejoi Ukrainës të rifillonte dërgimin e grurit përmes Detit të Zi në pjesë të tjera të botës që po luftojnë me urinë.
Rexhep Tajip Erdogan e ka përshëndetur rizgjedhjen e tij, e cila erdhi ndërsa vendi përgatitet për të shënuar njëqindvjetorin e republikës, si fillimin e “Shekullit të Turqisë”.
Kthimi në rrënjët islame
Erdogan ka kultivuar besnikëri të thellë tek mbështetësit konservatorë dhe fetarë duke ngritur vlerat islame në një vend që është udhëhequr nga sekularizmi për gati një shekull.
Ai ka frenuar forcën e ushtrisë, e cila shpesh përzihej në politikën civile sa herë që vendi fillonte të devijonte nga sekularizmi. Ai hoqi rregullat që ndalonin gratë konservatore të mbanin shami në shkolla dhe zyra qeveritare.
Ai gjithashtu riktheu objektin historik të Stambollit, Haxxji Sofinë në një xhami, duke përmbushur një kërkesë prej kohësh të islamistëve turq. Katedralja e epokës bizantine u krthye fillimisht një xhami pas pushtimit të Kostandinopojës, por kishte shërbyer si muze për dekada.
Kohët e fundit, ai ka kritikuar të drejtat e komunitetit LGBTQ+, duke sugjeruar se ata përbëjnë një kërcënim për nocionin tradicional, konservator të asaj që përbën një familje.
Kontrolli i fortë mbi median
Gjatë dekadave të tij në pushtet, Erdogani konsolidoi kontrollin mbi mediat. Shumica e mediave turke të lajmeve tani janë në pronësi të konglomerateve besnike ndaj tij. Ai e ka përdorur pozicionin e tij për të heshtur kritikat dhe për të përçmuar opozitën.
Monitoruesit ndërkombëtarë të zgjedhjeve vunë re se raundi i parë i zgjedhjeve presidenciale më 14 maj dhe balotazhi i 28 majit ishin të lira, por jo të drejta.
Ndërsa votuesit në raundin e dytë kishin një zgjedhje midis alternativave të vërteta politike, “mbulimi i njëanshëm mediatik dhe mungesa e kushteve të barabarta i dhanë një avantazh të pajustifikuar presidentit aktual,” tha Farah Karimi, koordinator për Organizatën për Siguri dhe Bashkëpunim në Evropë.
Erdogan's opponent in the runoff election, opposition leader Kemal Kilicdaroglu, had promised to undo the president's economic policies and return Turkey to a democratic path by ending the attacks on free speech./ VOA
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