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The former leader of the Durrës gang, Lulzim Berisha, is expected to be extradited to Tirana tonight.
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Why can't Albania be compared to Germany?
Kryeministri Edi Rama dha argumentin e Angela Merkel, kancelare e Gjermanisë për katër mandate, në mbrojtje të kandidimit të vet për një mandat të katërt. Pa pasur nevojë të hyjmë në diskutime krahasimore mes Merkelit dhe Ramës, duhet të vërejmë se ka disa ndryshime kyçe mes një vendi si Gjermania dhe një tjetri si Shqipëria, që e bën krahasimin të pavend.
Prime Minister Edi Rama gave the argument of Angela Merkel, Chancellor of Germany for four terms, in defense of his candidacy for a fourth term. Without needing to enter into comparative discussions between Merkel and Rama, we should note that there are some key differences between a country like Germany and another like Albania, which makes the comparison inappropriate.
By George Erebara
In 2017, Turkey held a constitutional referendum where the changes transformed Turkey’s presidency into an executive presidency, with broad powers even over the justice system. In a debate on an Albanian television station, a woman covering her hair, in a kind of solidarity among Muslims, supported the controversial referendum initiative in Turkey with the argument that “even the United States is a Presidential Republic.”
The comparison between Turkey, a country that has gone from military dictatorship to parliamentary republic form several times since the founding of the state by Ataturk, who was the liberator, founder, father of the nation and the first long-term dictator, with the United States, a country that was founded as a democracy by the Founding Fathers, – despite all the objections that a normal person has towards this democracy, from the history of slavery to the non-universal right to vote, to inequality and the enormous power of the wealthy like Trump or Musk – was in fact like being slapped in the face in a completely unbelievable transgression of the laws of logic.
We are almost eight years behind and things seem to have not changed. Erdogan continues to be president, this time with executive power, while logic would have it otherwise. And Rama in Albania continues to be prime minister, in a completely different context, completely incomparable with Erdogan's Turkey and equally incomparable with Angela Merkel's Germany.
That Germany is different from Albania, I think even the Prime Minister himself agrees, who has recently suggested more than once that life in Germany is much worse than in Albania, but I do not want to deal with all sorts of changes; I want to point out the changes in the constitutional systems, changes that make comparing Erdogan's Turkey with America a logical error and the same goes for comparing Albania with Germany. And since Prime Minister Rama has for some time now been made Chairman of the Scientific Council by a law proposed by him, he should probably know that the world of science and philosophy has a term for these kinds of inappropriate comparisons or logical errors. It is called: post hoc ergo propter hoc.
Duke e lënë për herë tjetër shpjegimin se çfarë është një gabim logjik i llojit post hoc ergo propter hoc, le të merremi me ndryshimin thelbësor mes Shqipërisë dhe Gjermanisë, apo, nëse më lejoni, mes Turqisë dhe Amerikës.
A e dini se si quhet forma qeverisëse e Republikës së Shqipërisë? Sipas Kushtetutës [Link], Shqipëria është “Republikë Parlamentare” dhe është gjithashtu “Shtet unitar dhe i pandashëm”. Ndryshe nga Shqipëria, Gjermania është Republikë Federale. Dhe Shtetet e Bashkuara janë gjithashtu Republikë Federale. Nëse ai socialisti i ri, petali i trëndafilit, do të kishte marrë arsimimin e duhur kushtetues, historik e ligjor, do ta kuptonte se çfarë ndryshimi dramatik në liri dhe në cilësi jetese sjell ndryshimi mes Shtetit Unitar dhe Republikës Federale. Dhe po kështu, mbështetësja shqiptare e Erdoganit tetë vite më parë nuk do të nxitonte të bënte krahasimin mes Turqisë, (gjithashtu një shtet unitar) dhe Shteteve të Bashkuara, në rastin e referendumit të vitit 2017.
Republika Federale është produkt i Thomas Jefferson dhe ne mundet, nga këndvështrimi i shqiptarit, ta shohim këtë personalitet të historisë amerikane si antidoti i Ndoc Rrokut. Unë kam dëgjuar gjëra se çfarë nënkuptohet në anë të ndryshme të Shqipërisë me termin “Ndoc Rroku”, gjë që nuk bën shumë sens që të ndalemi këtu. Por në instancë finale, sipas të gjitha gjasave, Ndoc Rroku është fenomen kryekëput shqiptar ndërsa Thomas Jefferson dhe leksionet e tij janë ajo çfarë Amerika mund t’i mësojë botës, përfshirë ndarjen e pushteteve, kufizimin dhe balancimin e pushtetit ekzekutiv nga legjislativi e mbikëqyrjen e këtyre të dyjave nga gjyqësori.
Nejse!
Për ta shpjeguar mund t’ju jap një shpjegim banal që u dha dikur para nja gjashtë dekadash nga Milton Friedman, kampioni i kapitalizmit që me gjasa, nën sfondin e administratës së sotme amerikane do të ngjante si një militant i ekstremit të majtë. Ta zëmë se nuk të pëlqen mënyra se si pushteti vendor apo shteti federal në të cilin jeton menaxhon ujërat e zeza nuk të pëlqen ty, shpjegoi Friedman. Ti mundet të ikësh në një bashki tjetër ose në një shtet tjetër. Ai tha se, dallimi mes republikës federale dhe shteteve unitare si Bashkimi Sovjetik është se, nëse qytetarit nuk i pëlqen një gjë në qeverisjen e një prej shteteve amerikane, mundet fare kollaj dhe pa ndonjë kosto të madhe as emocionale, as ekonomike dhe as sociale, të ikte te një shtet tjetër. Me pak fjalë, nëse nuk të pëlqen liberalizmi i Kalifornisë, mundet fare kollaj të shkosh të jetosh në Teksas. Nëse nuk të pëlqen progresivizmi i Nju Jorkut, mundet të shkosh në Utah e nëse të pëlqen diçka e ndërmjetme, ke një numër jo të vogël opsionesh se ku të shkosh të ndërtosh jetën tënde sipas pëlqimeve të tua.
Por nëse të gjitha pushtetet janë në duart e qeverisë qendrore dhe ajo nuk të pëlqen, ke praktikisht zero zgjedhje, të duhet të durosh ose të marrësh arratinë për në një shtet tjetër.
This kind of explanation is also valid for Germany, where Angela Merkel was indeed chancellor for 16 years. While she was chancellor in the federal government, the sixteen constituent states of the Federal Republic of Germany each have their own politics, their own parliament, their own government and their own laws. Merkel was indeed chancellor but her power was limited by the Basic Law [link], Germany's constitution which makes the central government responsible for areas such as Foreign Affairs, Defence, Issuance of Currency, Foreign Trade, National Infrastructure and such major things while everything else, including spatial planning, economic development, social policies, schools and so on, is in the hands of these states, or, as they are known in Germany, the Länder. If you don't like the liberal politics of the city-state of Berlin, you can easily move to another Länder, whose policies are more in line with yours. And in any case, although the federal government was controlled for 16 years by Merkel, the state politics all had their own parties with their own parliaments and their own politics, not to mention local government, communes and municipalities, each with its own council and its own politicians.
Unlike Merkel, the Albanian prime minister is responsible for practically everything. The vast majority of the state budget is managed by him. And with the changes he made to the urban planning law, only he has the right to grant permission for any building a citizen may wish to build, if the building is larger than 250 square meters. So, if you don't like the way a municipality manages things, you don't have the option of running to another municipality, as Friedman suggests, because you have Rama in every one of them.
In short, comparing Rama to Merkel and Albania to Germany, just like comparing Erdogan's Albanian supporter between Erdogan's Turkey and Thomas Jefferson's United States, is nothing more than a post hoc ergo propter hoc.
/BIRN
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