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With the aim of contributing to the achievement of peace between Israelis and Palestinians, Spain has officially recognized the Palestinian state.
Norway and Ireland did the same. With this decision they joined more than 140 states from the 193 member countries of the UN.
As the Spanish Prime Minister, Pedro Sanchez, said on Tuesday, "the recognition of the state of Palestine is not only a matter of historical justice, with legitimate aspirations of the Palestinian people, but it is also an imperative to achieve peace".
"It is the only way to realize the solution that we all recognize as the only possible one to achieve the future of peace - a Palestinian state coexisting alongside the state of Israel in peace and security," Sanchez said.
With this move by the Spanish government, but also with its reasoning, the question arises as to why Spain is reluctant to recognize Kosovo, a state with an Albanian majority that declared independence from Serbia in 2008, after the war and NATO bombings against Serbia in the year 1999?!
While more than 110 countries have recognized Kosovo's citizenship, including most from the EU, as well as the USA, Serbia refuses to recognize it, along with Russia and China. Spain, Greece, Cyprus, Romania and Slovakia have also not yet done so.
The Spanish government did not answer Radio Free Europe's question whether the recognition of Kosovo could follow the recognition of the Palestinian state.
However, the issue of the recognition of Kosovo by Spain came up during the discussion of the meeting of foreign ministers on May 27, in Brussels, in light of Spain's decision to recognize the state of Palestine.
Sources told Radio Free Europe that for this there was an open dispute between the parties from Germany and Spain.
While Germany was "very convincing" for the recognition of Kosovo, "Spain was on the defensive, arguing that Kosovo was not on the agenda".
The former ambassador of Spain in Belgrade, Raul Bartolome Molina, stated in 2023 that his country's position is clear: Spain does not recognize the independence of Kosovo, while it supports the EU's attempts to normalize relations between Kosovo and Serbia .
"This position has not changed, nor will it change, and all our allies know this very well," Bartolome had said on June 30, the day before Spain took over the presidency of the European Union.
The main reason for this is believed to be Spain's stance against the aspirations of its northeastern region, Catalonia, to become independent.
This region has had several unsuccessful attempts to separate from Spain, while official Madrid has strongly opposed this move.
“Qartazi, Spanja nuk dëshiron ta njohë Kosovën, sepse do të duhej të pranonte se provincat e një shteti kanë të drejtë të ndahen… Ata nuk duan t’i japin Katalonjës më shumë municion ose argument për ndarje”, thotë për Radion Evropa e Lirë, Eran Fraenkel.
Tani i vendosur në SHBA, Fraenkel kishte jetuar për disa vite në Spanjë ku kishte punuar me Qendrën për Punë të Jashtme të Barcelonës, si ekspert për rajonin e Ballkanit.
Ai ka disa publikime mbi Ballkanin dhe marrëdhëniet e këtij rajoni me Bashkimin Evropian.
Duke komentuar lëvizjen e fundit të Spanjës për njohjen e shtetit palestinez, Fraenkel thotë se këtë çështje e sheh të ndarë nga njohja e mundshme e Kosovës.
“Kushtet historike dhe politike në Kosovë dhe Palestinë janë shumë të ndryshme saqë në të vërtetë nuk janë të krahasueshme”, thotë ai.
Ndonëse thotë se mund t’i japë një lloj shtytjeje kauzës palestineze, Fraenkel beson se qeveritë e shteteve që e njohin shtetin e Palestinës, “e pranojnë që është në parim (gjest) simbolik”.
“Vendimi mund të jetë me qëllim të mirë se shtetet duan të njohin të drejtën e palestinezëve për vetëvendosje (shtetësi), për të cilën të gjithë pajtohen në parim. Por, askush nuk mund të pajtohet se si të realizohet kjo në praktikë dhe përderisa ka çështje të pazgjidhura mes Izraelit dhe Palestinës, atëherë çështja operacionale (praktike) për shtetësinë palestineze do të shtyhet në vazhdimësi”, thotë ai.
Ai beson se ekzistojnë edhe disa pengesa të mëdha në drejtim të zgjidhjes me dy shtete.
“Njohja e shtetit palestinez është e varur nga të mospasurit luftë, që fatkeqësisht jam pesimist se mund të ndodhë. Pra, të mos ketë luftë dhe të ketë pajtim palestinez mbi atë se çfarë lloj qeverisjeje duan dhe ku do të jetë ajo”, shpjegon Fraenkel.
Tutje, Fraenken beson se njohja e shtetit palestinez, nuk do t’i shkaktojë Spanjës apo shteteve të tjera, ndonjë pasojë të madhe në pozicionin aktual në politikën ndërkombëtare.
“Edhe nëse krijon disa valë ose ndonjë ndjenjë të keqe në mes të Izraelit dhe shteteve që po e njohin shtetësinë palestineze, unë nuk mendoj që është diçka që nuk mund të tejkalohet”, thotë ai.
Ndërkaq, meqenëse Spanja e sheh Kosovën si një lëvizje separatiste, sipas Fraenkel, pasojat nga një njohje e mundshme, për Spanjën, janë të menjëhershme.
“Katalonasit (vite më parë) dëshironin të mbanin një referendum për të shpallur pavarësinë. Madridi e quajti këtë ilegale. Duke pasur parasysh këtë qëndrim të Spanjës ndaj Katalonjës, si do të ishte e mundur që ata të pranonin një Republikë separatiste”, shton Fraenkel.
Në deklarime të mëhershme zyrtare në lidhje njohjen e mundshme të Kosovës, Madridi zyrtar kishte thënë për REL-in se “çështja e territorit të Kosovës të zgjidhet përmes dialogut ndërmjet Beogradit dhe Prishtinës”.
Më 6 janar, megjithatë, Spanja ka njohur pasaportat e Kosovës, duke u mundësuar qytetarëve të Kosovës që të udhëtojnë pa viza edhe në këtë shtet, pas heqjes së regjimit të vizave për kosovarët më 1 janar, 2024.
However, the authorities of this country explained to REL that this does not mean recognition of Kosovo.
The leaders of Kosovo, however, continuously declare that they expect a change of attitude from non-recognizing European states./ REL
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