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Lëpusha beyond Rama's postcards: A village that is being silently abandoned
Prime Minister Edi Rama has a habit of posting two or three times a year about Lëpusha, the village in the Alps at the northernmost tip of Albania. “Lëpusha like a heart,” Rama wrote in January of this year on Facebook, at the top of a post with photos of children playing in the snow.
The carefully selected postcard views present an idyllic atmosphere. But beyond them, Lëpusha, like many similar villages across the country, is being abandoned every year.
Despite the growing number of tourists, the number of residents choosing to live in Lëpushë is ever smaller. Meanwhile, those who remain there face systemic problems that have been unresolved for decades.
“There are 500 problems here, there is no electricity, there is no stable water, people have fled en masse,” says Tonin Shkoza, 55. “There are no roads, no health center, there is nothing,” he adds.
The turnout in the last three elections shows how the village is gradually being abandoned. In 2021, 141 people voted in Lëpushë, in 2023 122 voted, and in the elections in May of this year there were only 100 voters. Even more telling is the lack of children in school.
"A 9-year school operates in the village of Lepushë, in which 1 student is currently enrolled," the municipality of Malesia e Madhe told BIRN in a written response.
Residents say that while tourists are on the rise, infrastructure is neglected, health services are lacking, and the isolation in winter leaves them hopeless.
Without students and doctors
Xhemina Torozi, the nurse who covers three villages in the area alone. Photo: Françeska Ndoja.
Suela, 10 years old, is the only student left at the 9-year-old school in Lëpusha. She lives in a world that she doesn't share with anyone else her age and is alone in class every day. The girl says she has three hours of lessons every day, without any friends.
He walks to school, and in winter, this is very difficult.
"There's knee-deep snow, I'm two hours late just getting there and back," says the student, who dreams of becoming a doctor to help the residents of the area.
In fact, the village has no doctor.
The only doctor is in Tamara, about 24 kilometers away or about 36 minutes by car if the road is free of snow or rock blockages that were present when we visited the area.
Xhemina Torozi, the only nurse covering three areas, Lepusha, Budac and Gropat e Selcës, says she faces challenges alone that go beyond her duties. Torozi says she mostly provides home care and, in the absence of an ambulance, transports emergencies in her car.
"The health center is functioning, but without conditions: there is no electricity and no water. I have very limited equipment. In emergencies, I pick up patients in my car and take them to Tamara because we don't have an ambulance," she says.
Infermierja thotë se në zonë mungojnë edhe medikamentet thelbësore për ndërhyrje urgjente. “Mungojnë ilaçet bazë: antibiotikë, shurupe, gjilpëra kundër helmimit. I blejnë turistët ose unë vetë që t’i kem në gatishmëri”, thotë ajo.
Torozi thotë se shumica e banorëve të mbetur në zonë janë mbi 60-vjeç dhe kanë probleme me tensionin dhe zemrën. Kjo e komplikon punën e saj.
Sfidat e turizmit
Leonard Çekaj, pronar i një bujtine në Lëpushë. Foto: Françeska Ndoja.
Ndryshe nga banorët e zonës, bashkia e Malësisë së Madhe pretendon se njerëzit nuk po largohen, por po rikthehen në Lëpushë. Bashkia lavdëron për këtë të ashtuquajturën “Paketa e maleve”, një iniciativë të diskutueshme që u bë ligj vetëm në fillim të majit.
“Kjo lëvizje është frymëzuar kryesisht nga “paketa e maleve” , iniciativë zhvillimore që stimulon banorët të rikthehen në zonë përmes përfitimeve ekonomike”, tha Bashkia e Malësisë së Madhe në një përgjigje me shkrim.
Siç e ka prezantuar qeveria, paketa synon të stimulojë rikthimin e banorëve për të investuar në tokat e të parëve edhe nëse nuk kanë dokumente pronësie, por janë vetëm posedues të saj.
Megjithatë, banorët e Lëpushës thonë se premtimet nga Tirana nuk mbajnë shumë ujë.
Numri i turistëve në rritje dhe biznesi i bujtinave që mban në këmbë ekonominë e vogël të Lëpushës nuk ngjall optimizëm. Bujtinat e ngritura vite më parë, nëntë të tilla ndodhen në Lëpushë, tani kanë vështirësi të gjejnë punonjës.
“Në 12-13 vitet e fundit fshati është zbrazur, sepse nuk ka perspektivë, nuk ka mbështetje”, thotë Leonard Çekaj, 28-vjeç, i cili është një nga të paktët të rinj që jeton me agroturizmin në zonë. Çekaj thotë se prindërit dhe vëllezërit e të tjerë që ndihmonin në biznesin familjar, prej kohësh janë larguar për në Amerikë.
Për paradoks, bujtina e Çekajt ka punësuar këtë sezon një çift nga Argjentina, i cili punojnë 3-5 orë në ditë për të pasur një dhomë, ushqim mes Alpeve dhe kohë për të shëtitur zonën.
“Punojmë 3 deri në 5 orë në ditë,” thotë Aylen Zamora, e cila po qëndron në Lëpushë me bashkëshortin. “Pastrojmë dhomat e turistëve, ndihmojmë në kuzhinë. Por nuk lodhemi përkundrazi, kënaqemi. Pjesën tjetër të ditës e kalojmë duke shëtitur dhe eksploruar këtë vend të bukur”, thotë ajo.
Por çifti është këtu vetëm përkohësisht dhe gjasat që punonjës të tillë të gjenden janë rastësore.
Tonin Shkoza ankohet se shteti nuk i lejon të ndërtojnë dhe të zhvillohen.
“Ne paguajmë taksa, por nuk na japin mundësinë të zhvillohemi. Ose të na lejojnë të ndërtojmë siç duhet, ose të vijnë e të na mbyllin gjithçka. Sepse na mbyten në gjoba. Mos të na mbajnë në këtë mes, as andej, as këtej”, thotë ai.
Edhe Çekaj thotë se ndërsa pronësia mes banorëve është e zgjidhur, prona atyre nuk u njihet dhe ndërtimet janë ende të palegalizuara.
“Unë jam interesuar shumë, por përgjigjja që kam marr është që t’i nuk ke pronësi toke. Kjo na penalizon shumë që nuk kemi pronësinë e vendit tonë,” thotë i riu.
He explains that even though it has been promised to them for years, neither legalization nor efforts have been made to recognize the land as their property. "We don't have a problem with the land, because the land is ours and we have no conflicts with other residents, we want it to be recognized so that we can develop the area. This penalizes us a lot," he says.
And yet, Çekaj insists he will stay.
"I don't want to leave. I've worked to keep this place moving, with people," he concludes./BIRN
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