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"A hot concrete oasis", the "greed" of construction is destroying the history, greenery and climate of Tirana
In the heart of Tirana, where the sound of old films from the “Dajti” cinema once resounded, a construction project is disturbing the peace of the residents of “Myslym Shyri” street. It is about the reconstruction of the TEN center – a multi-functional youth center that was created in 2010 while preserving the old structure of the former “Dajti” cinema.
Now, the Tirana Municipality's project envisages raising the building by at least two new floors. This change is opposed by 8 families, residents of two historic buildings near the former Dajti cinema.
"In April 2023, the project's signboard was set up like a flash. None of us knew," says Adriana Puleshi.


Concerned about blocked windows, insufficient ventilation, and the possibility of damage to the 1970s foundations, residents have chosen the legal route to stop this 600,000 euro project.
"Work has been suspended for three weeks. We just want it to go back to the way it was," hopes Adriana - whose story is not isolated.
The greed of construction in the capital has also led to protests by the residents of three buildings near the "Emin Duraku" school in the former Bllok. They oppose the construction of a 16-story tower .


"This project has received approval in an unusual way, while similar requests for the same plot of land have been previously rejected precisely because of its proximity to the school and the three surrounding buildings," the residents complain in a public letter.
The project envisages four underground floors and about 10 thousand square meters of construction that rises up to 57.24 meters in height. The building uses 980 square meters of land, which until a few weeks ago was used as a private parking lot, further limiting the space between the three existing buildings and the school. Therefore, urban planners raise concerns about the violation of the urban plan .
"The height according to the urban plan of Tirana is 9 floors. This is a law that is being violated. Every building you see above 9 floors is in violation of this plan ," says urban planner Gentjan Kaprata.
These two stories reflect the disease that is taking Tirana's breath away: the wave of construction without limits, without public consultation, that is covering the city with concrete instead of greenery.
A year ago, Tirana recorded the highest construction area in its history.
The Institute of Statistics estimated that the area allocated for construction in Tirana reached over 1.9 million square meters - the highest since 2005 when INSTAT began reporting for the capital.
Me 77% të gjithë sipërfaqes së lejeve të ndërtimit në Shqipëri përqendruar vetëm në Tiranë, kryeqyteti po përjeton një bum ndërtimi që sfidon çdo kufi urban të qëndrueshëm. Arkitekti dhe urbanisti Artan Kacani shpjegon se Tirana po zhvillohet në ritmet e një qyteti industrial.
“Për 30 vite ne jemi shkëputur nga urbanistika klasike e nevojës urbane dhe kemi shkuar drejt urbanistikës së grupeve të interesit. Në vende të ndryshme perëndimore, nevoja e lagjes dhe interesi i zhvillimoreve janë në ekuilibër peshoreje. Tek ne kanë prioritet grupet e interesit.” – argumenton Kacani.
Imeldi Sokoli, planifikues urban na shpjegon se normalisht në qendra urbane një banori i duhet mesatarisht 25 metër katror banesë, si dhe 25 metra katrorë hapësirë për aktivitetet e përditshme si zonat e gjelbra, hapësira për parkim apo hapësira sportive. Por vitet e fundit, mesatarja e ndërtimeve për banesa të reja e ka tejkaluar me disa herë këtë tregues.
“Indikatorët e rritjes së popullsisë dhe kërkesave të banorëve janë një pjesë e kërkesës, por në anën tjetër kërkesa për zhvillim është edhe e ndërtuesve. Nga ky krah peshorja është thyer, duke anuar nga pala e interesit më shumë sesa nga pala e zhvillimit të lagjeve.” –argumenton Artan Kacani, arkitekt, urbanist.
Një tjetër koefiçent që duhet zbatuar në qendrat urbane është ai për hapsirën e gjelbër, që duhet të jetë 9 metër katror për banor. Por sot ky koeficent në kryeqytet sipas ekspertëve është inekzistent.
“Aty ku ka pasur park është bërë pallat ose ndonjë parkim… lulishtet janë shndërruar në pallate, oborret mes pallateve janë zhdukur”, argumenton Olsi Nika nga Eco Albania.
Shkeljen e kanë ligjëruar, argumenton urbanisti Imeldi Sokoli.
“Në shtator të 2024 kanë amenduar ligjin e planifikimit të territorit duke i dhënë kompetencë Këshillit Kombëtar të Territor që të ketë fuqi mbi planin e përgjithshëm të territorit në bashki”, shpjegon ai. “Me këtë ndryshim po legjitimojnë çdo ndërtim që bie në kundërshtim me planin urbanistik- në çdo qytet. – thekson më tej urbanisti.
Valët e ndërtimit pa kriter nuk kanë kursyer as oazet e dikurshme të gjelbërimit në kryeqytet.
“Këtu nuk po kursehet asgjë. Edhe parku i liqenit ka filluar të kafshohet nga ndërtimet”, vë në dukje eksperti i mjedisit Olsi Nika.
Parku i Liqenit Artificial, dikur “mushkëria” e Tiranës, tashmë tregon shenja të qarta transformimi, të evidentuara nga imazhet satelitore . (Shihni ndryshimin në kohë në këtë vizualizim) Po kështu, Liqeni i Farkës, që dikur përbënte një strehë natyrore në kodrat përreth, po mbushet me vila dhe ndërtime të reja, duke zhvendosur pemët nën beton – ndryshimet mund t’i vëreni vetë këtu.
In the absence of green spaces, parks, promenades or flowerbeds, Tirana is experiencing a phenomenon known in climate studies as the “urban heat island.” The capital city registers temperatures 2–3 °C higher, and in special cases up to 5 °C higher within built-up areas, compared to surrounding areas.
This increase in temperatures is a result of changing land use: concrete and asphalt instead of greenery.
"Increasing urbanization, lack of green spaces are the main factors influencing the formation of urban heat islands," explains Anira Gjoni, from the Institute of Geosciences in Tirana.
"What they do" - says urban planner Imeldi Sokoli - "is that they consider Dajti, which is a national park, as a green part of Tirana. Meanwhile, these spaces should serve the residents in an immediate and close way."
Another factor that influences the increase in temperature, according to environmental expert Olsi Nika, is the blockage of air currents coming from Dajti towards the coast, as a result of tall and dense buildings, which impede the natural circulation of air and significantly worsen the heating.
"From 5-story buildings, we are seeing towers or buildings that are many times taller," Nika emphasizes. Each new construction further stresses this heat island, eliminating shadows and worsening the urban microclimate.
"This is not the same for all other places in the territory, which have more or less the same urban development that they had before," adds Professor Petrit Zorba from IGJEO.
Due to the significant increase in temperatures due to climate change and without appropriate measures, Tirana is threatened with becoming a concrete "oasis" where air quality will further deteriorate, putting the health of the population at risk.
"Tirana has become unlivable," Nika argues. "Skënderbej Square is the ugliest example. The temperature in the square automatically increases because the bushes (green spaces) should have been integrated and not where they are," he concludes. Faktoje.al
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