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As fighting in Gaza resumes, Americans are increasingly divided over who to blame and what they think the United States should do about a war that has killed more than 1,200 Israelis and 16,000 Palestinians.
"Polls show that Americans feel slightly more pity for Israel than they do for the Palestinians," says Robert Collins, professor of Urban Studies and Public Policy at Dillard University in New Orleans. "But the difference is not very big. Likewise, there are many undecideds and people who are unsure of what they think," he adds.
According to a poll conducted from November 25 to 27 by The Economist magazine and the British research organization YouGov, 38% of Americans feel sorry for the Israelis, while 11% of respondents side with the Palestinians. Twenty-eight percent said they felt the same way about both sides, while 23 percent said they weren't sure what they thought.
This indecision, says Mr Collins, is rooted in the complexity of the conflict.
"Foreign wars are much more complicated to understand than domestic politics," he told VOA. "Because of the fog of war, we are limited in the information we can get, and even a lot of it turns out to be false a day or two later."
Although more than half of respondents did not choose one side or the other, many had strong feelings.
"Of course I'm on Israel's side," says Indiana attorney Jeff Williams. “They allowed the Palestinians and Hamas to live peacefully until they were attacked and their residents were raped and killed. Israel has the right to respond in self-defense."
Internally displaced
The same certainty is observed among those who feel sorry for the Palestinians.
“As the mother of a son who is part Palestinian, I feel a moral obligation to speak out for those in Gaza who are being killed, beaten, kidnapped and unjustly arrested by Israel, simply for existing. I don't understand how so many Americans support those who commit these kinds of horrors," said Louisiana graduate student Brooklyn Birdie.
Rachel Lacombe manages a nonprofit organization in Pennsylvania. She says she feels sad for the Israeli citizens who were killed during the October 7 attack by the militant group Hamas.
"But in my heart I feel pity for the Palestinian people, who have been robbed of their homes for seven decades, displaced and forced to stay in refugee camps on their land, since 1948, when Israel was founded," she says to the Voice of America.
Ms. Lacombe says that's a view that's hard to say out loud in today's America.
“Ka qenë e tmerrshme të shikosh qindra të akuzuar për antisemitizëm, të humbasin punën, sulmuar në internet apo futur në ‘listën e zezë’ vetëm se kanë qenë kritikë ndaj politikave të Izraelit. Edhe unë duhet të jem e kujdesshme mbi atë çka them”, thotë ajo.
Një betejë për ekzistencën e izraelitëve
“Mendoj se është diskriminuese të thuash se ky konflikt filloi në vitin 1948, për shkak se hebrenjtë pushtuar tokën që është tashmë Izraeli për pjesën më të madhe të mijëra viteve përpara kësaj”, thotë nëna nga Konektikat, Rebecca Urrutia. “Unë lutem edhe për palestinezët e pafajshëm, por mbështes pikë së pari dhe mbi të gjitha Izraelin. Ata po mbrojnë tokën dhe popullin e tyre dhe kanë qenë objektiv i kaq shumë sulmeve në të kaluarën”.
Një arsye përse amerikanët ka më shumë gjasa të mbështesin Izraelin janë dekadat e aleancës gjeopolitike mes Shteteve të Bashkuara dhe Izraelit. Një tjetër arsye mund të jetë se ka më shumë amerikanë hebrenj sesa amerikanë myslimanë.
Sipas Institutit të Studimeve Sociale Steinhardt në Universitetin Brandeis, amerikanët hebrenj përbëjnë rreth 2.4% e popullsisë së Shteteve të Bashkuara, ndërsa Qendra Kërkimore Pew thotë se amerikanët myslimanë përbëjnë rreth 1% e popullsisë.
Që nga 7 tetori, sipas një studimi të Institutit të Elektoratit Hebre, është rritur numri i amerikanëve hebrenj që thonë se ndihen të lidhur emocionalisht me Izraelin.
“Mendoj se komuniteti hebre ishte i ndarë që nga presidenca Trump, por sulmet e 7 tetorit na bashkuan”, tha Lisa Peicott, nga sinagoga e Los Anxhelosit. “Qindra mijëra prej nesh janë bashkuar për të marshuar dhe për të demonstruar kundër antisemitizmit dhe në favor të Izraelit”.
Megjithëse anketimet tregojnë se amerikanët ka më shumë gjasa të mbështesin Izraelin, një numër i madh personash që u pyetën gjatë anketimit të bërë nga NPR/PBS NewsHour/Marist, thanë se përgjigja e Izraelit ishte e tepruar. Megjithëse vetëm 26% besonin kështu në 11 tetor, katër javë më vonë ky numër arriti në 38% të të anketuarve.
“Nga njëra anë ndjehem e trazuar dhe ndjej dhimbje kur disa amerikanë – përfshirë aktivistë liberalë dhe udhëheqës që i pata respektuar – tashmë e injorojnë, e festojnë apo madje edhe e mohojnë dhunën, përdhunimet dhe vdekjet e hebrenjve”, tha Sophie Teitelbaum, mësuese në Los Anxhelos. “Kjo është padije dhe është antisemite”.
Nga ana tjetër, zonja Teitelbaum tha se ajo vetë e kritikon qeverinë e Izraelit, drejtuesit e tij dhe përgjigjen ushtarake në Gazë.
“E kuptoj nevojën për t’u mbrojtur, por gjithashtu mendoj se përgjigja e Izraelit ishte çnjerëzore, joetike dhe e gabuar”, i tha ajo Zërit të Amerikës. “Të dyja palët po vuajnë. Të dyja palët kanë pretendime historike ndaj asaj toke. Të dyja palët janë të frikësuara dhe meritojnë të mund të jetojnë në paqe. Por thjesht pasi unë nuk zgjedh njërën palë, rrezikohem të përjashtohem nga të dyja”.
Muzikantja nga Minnesota, Joanna Miller ka të njëjtën frikë.
"I have friends who have strong feelings on both sides, and I don't want to upset either of them," she said. "But even if you don't say anything it can be a problem. I have some Jewish friends on social media who compare us to Nazis for not saying something."
This campaign against silence is coming from both sides of the debate and is forcing some Americans to voice opinions they might feel better about not expressing./VOA
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