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Students vote, but do not choose! In 7 universities, 1 candidate for rector
33 years ago, Albania held the first democratic pluralist elections, but today a miniature Albania within the university structures is facing the voting process. Albanian universities this year are far from the concept of the election process, where two or more candidates compete with each other for the position of rector, dean, head of department.
According to the data made public on the official websites of the universities, it turns out that in 7 of the 12 public universities of the country, only one candidate for rector has been announced.
The University of Tirana, the Polytechnic University, the Agricultural University, the University of Gjirokastra, the University of Middle Ages, the University of Elbasan have only one candidate for the position of rector, while there is no information about the announcement of the candidacy on the official website of the University of Sports.
Migen Qiraxhiu, a representative of the Citizen Center, tells "Sinjalizo" that the lack of alternative choice has become a major problem when we are dealing with the fact that Albanian universities are ranked low in the world or European quality assessment.
"The same names, the same individuals who seem to have a strong position within the universities. Rectors, deans who start and exchange, rotate among each other" - says Qiraxhiu.
Albania is included in the rankings made by Cybermetrics Lab. The Spanish group has been ranking universities worldwide for 20 years, based on the universities' academic and scientific works, their publication and access by students or other stakeholders.
According to the 2023 ranking, the University of Tirana was the best in Albania but ranked 3,972 in the world, followed by the Agricultural University, which ranked 4,379.
University of Elbasan, decision on Appeal
Albania's universities in the ranking are far behind other universities in the region, such as those of Belgrade, Nis, Pristina, etc. However, the "struggle" to direct them is not lacking.
On the official website of the "Aleksandër Xhuvani" University in Elbasan, the candidacy for rector of Elvira Fetahu, who currently holds the position of vice rector, has been announced. Fetahu is the only candidate for this post after the rejection of the candidacy of Majlinda Perriu (Peza) in the decision of May 26, with the argument that until the 20th of last month Perriu held the position of Elbasan District Prefect.
Perriu appealed the decision of the Institutional Elections Commission to the Appeals Commission at the University of Elbasan, where, among other things, it is said that on the 24th of last month, the Council of Ministers decided to release the Prefect from his duties.
“Ndaj nga ajo date, pra 24.05.2024 nuk ekziston me asnje pengese ligjore per miratimin e kandidatures sime per rolin e Rektorit ne UE”,- shkruhet në apelimin e bërë nga Perriu.
Megjithatë më 3 Qershor kur Komisioni Institucional i Zgjedhjeve duhet të merrte një vendim për apelimin, kryetarja e Komisionit të Apelimit, Aida Llozana dha dorëheqjen.
Të heshtur, pedagogë dhe studentë
Mbajtja e prozicionit të rektorit apo dekanit për një hark të gjatë kohor duke bërë rokade, shihet me skepticizëm nga hulumtuesit e veprimtarive të universiteteve.
“Nëse një individ, rektor apo dekan, ka mbajtur pozicionet drejtuese për 20 vjet, për 10 vjet , ai pothuajse ka rekrutuar pjesën më të madhe të stafit, të pedagogëve, të cilët kur vijnë zgjedhjet gjejnë rastin për t’ja shpërblyer”, – thotë Migen Qiraxhiu nga Qëndresa Qytetare.
Ndërkohë, Redi Muçi, pedagog prej 13 vitesh në Fakultetin e Gjeologjisë dhe Minierave në Universitetin Politeknik të Tiranës thotë për “Sinjalizo” se pedagogët “nën ombrellën e lirisë akademike” kryejnë shkelje që lidhen me mungesën totale të llogaridhënies duke përfshirë edhe korrupsionin, për të cilat rektorët “mbyllin sytë”.
“Pra, në vetvete përdoret e njëjta logjikë e asaj ‘unë të mora në punë rrjedhimisht ti do më votosh mua, ose atë që të them unë dhe nga ana tjetër unë do të mbyll një sy’, për plotë mangësi që mund të kenë pedagogët, qoftë nga formimi i tyre, qoftë nga mënyra se si e zhvillojnë orën mësimit”,- thotë Muçi.
Për vitin akademik 2023-2024, në institucionet publike dhe private të arsimit të lartë kanë ushtruar veprimtarinë akademike me titull “Profesor” 915 pedagogë, ndërkohë që 3 248 prej tyre mbajnë me gradën shkencore “Doktor”, sipas informacioneve që Ministria e Arsimit dhe e Sporteve ka vendosur në dispoziocion të “Sinjalizo” në kërkesën për informacion.
Nga informacionet e dhena nga Universiteti “Aleksandër Xhuvani” në Elbasan dhe ai i Tiranës rezulton se numri i stafit dhe pedagogëve qe janë bërë pjesë e shkëmbimeve Erasmus+ gjatë periudhës parazgjedhore në këto universitete ka qenë më i lartë se në 4-mujorin e pare të vitit të kaluar.
Gjatë periudhës 1 janar 2023- 31 dhjetor 2023 janë bërë pjesë e shkëmbimeve “Erasmus+” 180 personel akademik të Universitetit të Tiranës, ndërkohë vetëm në periudhën 1 janar 2024-16 maj 2024 janë përfshirë në këto shkëmbime 108 personelë të UT-së.
Prej këtij personeli 92 janë pedagogë dhe 16 personel ndihmës akademik me karakter administrative, sipas përgjigjes që Universiteti Tiranës ka dhënë për “Sinjalizo”.
Në universitetin “Aleksandër Xhuvani” janë përfshirë në shkëmbimet e “Erasmus+” gjatë periudhës 1 janar 2023- 31 dhjetor 2023 vetëm 44 pedagogë, ndërsa gjatë periudhës 1 janar 2024-16 maj 2024 38 pedagogë dhe 15 staf administrative dhe ndihmësakademik.
Probleme që në… fushatë
Në këtë vit problematikat e zgjedhjeve kanë nisur që në fushatë, nisja e së cilës nuk është e qartë.
"Just a few days ago, the University of Gjirokastra came out with its candidates, while some universities come out four weeks before, for some universities 3 weeks before, making it clear who the election campaign period is, how many days the campaign is" - says Qiraxhiu , according to which, in addition to these ambiguities and the lack of alternatives for elections, the weight of the student vote determined in the new reform law remains almost negligible, only 10%.
"We think it is too little and it will have to be 20%-30%." In our opinion, it should be bigger for two reasons: it increases the commitment of students within universities and students understand that they have a certain weight in the university", - concludes Qiraxhiu.
Redi Muçi says that the weight of the students' vote is only symbolic, but the student organization still has a long way to go.
"The student organization should be based on the requirement of accountability, not only with the high fees, but also with the abuses that the lecturers commit with the lesson, with many things that have to do with university life", says Muçi, according to which the students' silence echoes that of the entire Albanian society, where people facing difficulties decide to leave the country and not raise their voices.
"Unfortunately, students are massively abandoning university halls and choosing to go abroad to study, which is logical considering both the fees and the quality in Albania. Or then they simply choose to enter the university just in the hope of getting a diploma, without worrying about their professional training" - says Muçi.
The current process of university elections in Albania is far from the democratic and transparent standards that should characterize academic institutions. The lack of real competition, with single candidates in many universities, highlights the structural and cultural problems that prevent the development of a healthy academic environment. Moreover, the low ranking of Albanian universities at the international level reflects the consequences of this situation, showing that the quality of education remains a major problem.
/ Center for Quality Journalism (ACQJ)
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