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"Le Courrier des Balkans": Ismail Kadare, the giant of Albanian literature, died
Albanian literature and the world are in mourning after the death of Ismail Kadare, which happened on the morning of July 1, 2024 in Tirana.
Born on January 28, 1936 in Gjirokastër, he was the most well-known and translated Albanian writer in the world.
He described himself as "a normal writer in a crazy place". Ismail Kadaré died of a heart attack on Monday, July 1 in the morning at the Tirana hospital, where he arrived "without signs of life".
A novelist, he explored the myths and history of Albania through his work.
Born in 1936 in Gjirokastër, a city steeped in history that he especially loved and that influenced his writing, Ismail Kadaré established himself from his first novel, The Old Army General (1963), as one of the most outstanding Albanian literature. His books, marked by a reflection on the troubled history of the Balkans and an exploration of the themes of tyranny and resistance, have captivated generations of readers in the Albanian world and beyond.
Translated into more than 45 languages, his work has received honors from the greatest literary prizes, international prizes, including the prestigious Man Booker International (2005) and the Prince of Asturias Award (2009).
He was also widely considered to receive the Nobel Prize for Literature.
Among his most famous novels, we will recall The Bridge with Three Arches, The Chronicle of the Stone City and The Palace of Dreams, each representing an exploration of the human condition and its complexity.
Protected or dissident from the communist regime?
"Communist hell, like any other hell, is suffocating," the writer explained to AFP during a recent interview, in October 2023. "But in literature it turns into a life force, a force that helps you survive, defeat the dictatorship with head. » In an Albania marked by the communist tyranny of Enver Hoxha, Ismail Kadaré was for some "an unexpected light in the night. Known as "untouchable", he nevertheless faced many accusations of political ambiguity.
The young writer, loved by the regime, "jumped" onto the international literary scene, he will have known how to navigate through censorship, always on a razor's edge.
He settled in France in 1990, while the Albanian dictatorship was dying. An image of a "dissident", one who was never disturbed by the Enverist regime.
There he continued his work focusing on the themes of freedom, totalitarianism and relations Balkan Complexes. In 1996, he became an associate member of the French Academy of Moral and Political Sciences, before being promoted to Commander of the Legion of Honor in 2015 and commissioned in 2023.
A critical look at the Ottoman occupation
Dikush që kishte lindur në një familje myslimane, por që e quajti veten ateist, i erdhi keq që sundimi osman e shkëputi vendin e tij nga Evropa. Ai e quajti një tragjedi të madhe, që shqiptarët kanë qenë të shkëputur nga kontinenti i tyre nga një fuqi që ai fillimisht e konsideronte aziatike.
Prania e Islamit në Shqipëri ishte problematike edhe për Ismail Kadaré, i cili shkruante tekste polemika shumë të ashpra mbi këtë temë. Katolicizmi dhe ortodoksia janë ruajtur atje megjithatë besonte se shqiptarët mund të përfitonin nga kjo bashkëjetesë. “Është e natyrshme për ne të merresh me njerëz të një feje tjetër,” pranoi ai.
Në fund të viteve 1990, shkrimtari u përfshi në çështjen e shqiptarëve në Kosovë, kundër Serbisë, ai kishte shtuar intervistat dhe angazhimet e tij në fjalime publike. "Kombi Shqipja do të gjejë vendin e saj të natyrshëm”, tha ai në vitin 2006, i intervistuar nga Zëri i Amerikës, dy vjet para shpalljes së pavarësisë së Kosovës.
“Nuk ka rëndësi nëse është në një hapësirë të vetme ose në dy hapësira të veçanta. Megjithatë, ajo që ka rëndësi është se kombi shqiptar është brenda duke hyrë në Evropë, në përmasat e saj reale dhe jo të copëtuar siç ishte deri dje. »
Në maj 2019, ish-banesa e Kadaresë në Tiranë, ku ai jetonte me gruan e tij nga viti 1973 deri në vitin 1990 është bërë muze. Aty shkrimtari kishte hedhur në letër disa nga romane më të mëdha. Vepra e tij e fundit, Mosmarrëveshjet në Samitin (2022), rindërton bisedën në telefon midis Stalinit dhe Pasternakut gjatë arrestimit të poetit Mandelstam në qershor 1934.
Bisedë e cila zgjati, mezi, tre minuta, por që e ndjek Kadarenë që nga vitet e tij të rinisë, ndërsa studionte në Moskë. Jeta normale është makthi i vendeve totalitare thoshte ai.
Homazhe në Shqipëri dhe Kosovë
Në botën shqiptare ngushëllimet dhe homazhet janë shumëfishuar që nga shpallja e vdekjes së tij.
Duke harruar grindjet e tyre politike, personalitete nga të gjitha anët vlerësojnë kujtimin e tij dhe të veprave që la. Në Tiranë, kryeministri Edi Rama i dërgoi “një falenderim të thjeshtë” dhe “të thellë
mirënjohje” për promovimin e gjuhës shqipe. Paraardhësi dhe rivali i tij i madh, Sali Berisha, foli për “gjeninë botërore të letrave shqipe dhe një nga shkrimtarët më të mëdhenj të të gjitha kohërave ".
Fjalë që sigurisht i gjejmë në Kosovë, ku edhe atje, figura politike, figura intelektuale, por edhe institucione kulturore dhe media shprehën mesazhet e tyre të ngushëllime mëngjesin e së hënës. “Populli shqiptar ka humbur kolosin dhe dijetarin e tij më të madh.
Ismail Kadaré ishte gjeniu, shqiptari, njeriu dhe shkrimtari që ia kushtoi jetën dhe veprën e tij dashurisë për vendlindjen, për gjakun e tij dhe atdheun e shqiptarëve”, tha presidentja Vjosa Osmani. Duke shtuar: Të gjitha shqiptarët sot janë në zi”.
“Me vdekjen e Ismail Kadaresë, kultura shqiptare ka humbur ambasadorin e saj më të madh”, shtoi kryetari i Kuvendit, Glauk Konjufca.
"Kadaré will forever remain the greatest defender of the European identity of Albanians [...] His work is immortal. » "The world lost the greatest living writer", regrets the head of the government, Albin Kurti.
"Kadaré closed his eyes forever, but our eyes have seen and will see better thanks to the imagination and knowledge of this great writer.
Even the Kosovo PEN Center expressed its respect: "Ismail Kadaré not only kept Albania and Kosovo in the world, through literature, but he also brought the world here.
On July 3, the Academy of Sciences and Arts of Kosovo, where Kadaré was an external member, will organize a memorial ceremony. Until then, the tributes will continue.
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