
Pakistan has offered itself as a host for future talks to end the conflict with Iran, citing the country's strong ties to both the Middle East and Washington.
Pakistan's Prime Minister, Shehbaz Sharif, said in a social media post on March 24 that his country "is ready and honored to be a host to facilitate meaningful and definitive talks for a comprehensive resolution to the ongoing conflict."
Pakistan is among several countries, along with Turkey and Egypt, that are said to be playing a mediating role in efforts to end the fighting that began with US and Israeli air strikes against Iran on February 28.
Some media outlets mentioned Islamabad as a possible venue for talks between Tehran and Washington, which could possibly take place this week.
It is not clear when, or if, the talks will take place, but as a neighbor of Iran that receives most of its oil from the Persian Gulf, Pakistan has been directly affected by the conflict and has a strong interest in seeing the war end.
"Pakistan has stepped up efforts to broker a ceasefire," a senior military source in the country told Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty's (RFE/RL) Radio Mashaal. "Turkey and Egypt are joining the effort. Pakistan has interests for many reasons."
A key player in this has been Asim Munir, the head of Pakistan's army, which traditionally makes decisions behind the scenes while political leaders speak in front of television cameras.
Trump has described Munir as "my favorite officer," and the White House told REL that they discussed the war and US-Iran talks during a phone call on March 23.
"Pakistan, of course, is among the winners of Trump II's foreign policy. Asim Munir has had at least two meetings with President Trump last year," Christian Wagner, a senior researcher at the German Institute for International and Security Affairs (SWP), told REL.
"It was quite a surprise that Pakistan suddenly received this high recognition in US foreign policy under the second Trump administration. And, the personal relationship between Trump and General Munir has certainly contributed to this," he added.
While Trump and Munir were talking on the phone, Sharif was calling Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian.
"We discussed the grave situation in the Gulf region and agreed on urgent de-escalation, dialogue and diplomacy," he later wrote on X.
A few days earlier, Sharif had given a televised address to the nation, presenting emergency measures to deal with the consequences of the war with Iran.
Gjysma e të gjithë punonjësve në institucionet shtetërore dhe private tani do të punonin nga shtëpia, ndërsa shumë zyra do të kalonin në javë pune 4-ditore për të kursyer energji, tha ai më 9 mars.
Kjo u pasua nga masa të tjera, si taksa shtesë mbi benzinën, për të dekurajuar përdorimin e makinave ose grumbullimin e karburantit. Ofruesit e shërbimeve të transportit i thanë Radio Mashaalit të REL-it se nuk mund t’ia dilnin më të punonin.
Gjendja e rëndë shkaktohet nga varësia e Pakistanit nga Gjiri Persik për furnizime me naftë. Më shumë se 85 për qind e naftës së Pakistanit vjen me anije nga Arabia Saudite dhe Emiratet e Bashkuara Arabe, por Irani ka ndërprerë rrjedhën duke mbyllur rrugën përmes Ngushticës së Hormuzit.
Pakistani është gjithashtu shumë i varur nga Katari për gaz të lëngshëm natyror (LNG). Në qendrën ekonomike e Pakistanit, porti i Karaçit, ka rënë qetësi absolute.
E gjithë kjo trysni ekonomike është ndër arsyet për interesimin e Pakistanit në ndërmjetësimin e një zgjidhjeje diplomatike për luftën me Iranin. Por, ka edhe shumë të tjera.
Në ditët e para të luftës, turma të zemëruara myslimanësh shiitë i vunë flakën konsullatës së SHBA-së në Karaçi pas vrasjes së liderit suprem të Iranit, ajatollah Ali Khamenei.
Ishte një çast dramatik që tregoi se si lufta mund të ndikojë në shqetësimet e sigurisë së brendshme të Pakistanit.
Pakistani është vend kryesisht mysliman sunit, por një pakicë e konsiderueshme e popullsisë së tij është shiite, që është edhe mbizotërimi shumicë në Iran dhe përkatësia e pushtetit të tij fetar.
Islamabadi përballet gjithashtu me një kryengritje në Baluçistan dhe konflikt të armatosur me Afganistanin e drejtuar nga talebanët. Vitin e kaluar, ai zhvilloi gjithashtu një luftë katërditore me Indinë.
“Pakistani, duke pasur parasysh vendndodhjen e tij, është shumë i ndjeshëm ndaj efekteve të përhapjes së konfliktit. Dhe, me kufij të tensionuar si me Indinë ashtu edhe me Afganistanin, ai nuk mund të përballojë të tërhiqet në një konflikt në atë që zakonisht është kufiri i tij më paqësor”, tha për REL-in Michael Kugelman, hulumtues i lartë në Këshillin Atlantik.
“Në këtë kuptim, Pakistani ka motiv jashtëzakonisht të madh për të ndihmuar në përparimin e çdo përpjekjeje për t’i ulur tensionet e konfliktit”, shtoi ai.
Burimi i lartë në ushtrinë pakistaneze u pajtua me këtë.
“Çdo trazirë ose konflikt i vazhdueshëm në Iran e prek drejtpërdrejt Pakistanin për sa i përket një fluksi të mundshëm refugjatësh, tensioneve sektare në Pakistan dhe fuqizimit të elementëve separatistë në Baluçistanin e Pakistanit dhe rajonet Sistan-Baluçistan të Iranit”, tha ai.
Oficeri i lartë gjithashtu përmendi një faktor tjetër: marrëveshjen e mbrojtjes së Pakistanit me Arabinë Saudite, e nënshkruar në shtator të vitit të kaluar.
Një raport i asaj kohe nga Agjencia Saudite e Shtypit tha: “Marrëveshja përcakton se çdo agresion ndaj cilitdo prej vendeve do të konsiderohet agresion ndaj të dyja vendeve”, por teksti i paktit nuk u bë publik.
Iran has carried out a series of attacks on targets in Saudi Arabia, prompting Saudi Foreign Minister Prince Faisal bin Farhan to hint at a military response. This has led to strong speculation that Islamabad may be forced to intervene on Riyadh's side.
"Any active involvement of Saudi Arabia in the conflict will put Pakistan in a dilemma of respecting the agreement at the cost of active hostility towards Iran and its domestic consequences," the military official said./ REL
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