
Analysts: The European Union should rethink the framework of the Kosovo-Serbia dialogue
Days after the attack by the Serbian armed group in the northern part of Kosovo, experts on the developments in the Western Balkans criticized the approach of the international community in the region and said that the space left by the lack of engagement of the West in the region, including the stagnant process of European integration, has created a suitable ground for continuous tensions.
Sonja Biserko, head of the Helsinki Committee for Human Rights in Belgrade, has little doubt that official Belgrade is behind the attack by the Serbian armed group in the northern part of Kosovo. From the graffiti warning of the return of the Serbian army to Kosovo in the cities of Serbia to the evidence found by the authorities in Kosovo after the confrontation with the armed group, Ms. Biserko says it was clear that something was going to happen and that Belgrade is responsible. Based on the information so far, she says, it is clear that "some forces from Serbia went to Kosovo to provoke a conflict, so that the Serbian army could enter and establish the dividing line with Kosovo at the Iber River."
"Belgrade is aware that it has crossed the red line and is now trying, by any means, to reduce its role in this terrorist act," says Mrs. Biserko.
However, she also blames the West's approach to Serbia for this escalation.
Mrs. Biserko says that the international community has ignored the warnings of the leaders in Pristina because it sees Serbia as the main factor in the region and because of the Russian attack on Ukraine.
"Belgrade used the opportunity of this tolerance from the West throughout this year and a half, since the Russian aggression against Ukraine began, when the West returned to the Balkans, after almost 15 years of lack of engagement, to prevent the opening of a second front and they were hoping to bring Serbia to the West, which they have not been able to do," she says.
She adds that the region is at a critical point; the neighboring countries do not trust Serbia and that the general trend in the Western Balkans is negative.
"The whole region is convinced that Belgrade was involved in this case. And I would add that this has been Belgrade's goal for a while and it was waiting for the moment to realize this goal, in Kosovo and elsewhere. The problem of the West's policy and strategy in the region now is that because of the importance of Belgrade, which they consider as their priority, all the neighboring countries have been neglected and are being pressured to make concessions. As in Kosovo, as in Montenegro, as in Bosnia... Serbia is undermining all these states continuously, systematically," according to Ms. Biserko.
Përkundër thirrjeve nga Uashingtoni të këtyre ditëve për t’iu rikthyer dialogut të lehtësuar nga Bashkimi Evropian ndërmjet Kosovës dhe Serbisë, zonja Biserko e sheh fatin e tij të lidhur ngushtë me politikën që Perëndimi do të ndjekë pas sulmit të grupit të armatosur serb në Kosovë. Sipas saj, mes Kosovës dhe Serbisë nuk ka pasur dialog që kur është diskutuar ndarja e Kosovës dhe se Serbia po blen tani kohë për ndryshimin e rrethanave politike në Shtetet e Bashkuara me shpresë për ta rikthyer idenë e ndarjes në agjendë. Perëndimi, sipas saj, duhet të ndryshojë pozicionin e tij, tani të minuar, në Ballkanin Perëndimor.
“Nëse Perëndimi nuk ndryshon politikën, është vështirë të imagjinosh se ky dialog do të funksionojë,” shton ajo.
Mary Kaldor, profesore në Shkollën Ekonomike të Londrës dhe anëtare bordi e Këshillit Evropian për Politikë të Jashtme, thotë se angazhimi i Bashkimit Evropian dhe procesi i integrimit të Ballkanit Perëndimor në të ishte menduar si e vetmja rrugëdalje për rajonin.
“Procesi i integrimit në Bashkimin Evropian është me të vërtetë e vetmja zgjidhje për Ballkanin, ku çështjet e etnicitetit dhe kufijve shndërrohen në çështje minoritetesh, që paraqet problem më vete dhe një formë krejt tjetër për t’u përballur me të. Por, procesi i zgjerimit është ndalur dhe mendoj se kjo gjë është shndërruar në problem të vërtetë, dhe natyrisht është problematike që kjo mundësi më nuk po merret seriozisht,” thotë ajo.
Zonja Kaldor, që është bashkë-autore e Raportit të Kosovës, një përpjekje akademike për të kuptuar mësimet e dala nga lufta në Kosovë dhe ndërhyrja e NATO-s në vitin 1999, vlerëson se Perëndimi e ka vënë veten në pozitë të vështirë duke lënë çështje të pazgjidhura në rajon.
“Rusia është tani në pozitë të krijojë shumë telashe dhe po krijon shumë vështirësi. E kemi vënë veten në pozitë kur punët e pakryera, qoftë si koncept apo si problem konkrekt… vazhdojnë të jenë pika tensioni. Dhe kjo mund të keqpërdoret,” tha ajo.
Sipas saj, Bashkimi Evropian duhet të shihet si e vetmja zgjidhje për Ballkanin Perëndimor, por ky union duhet t’i rimendojë në tërësi përparësitë e veta.
"It is very, very disturbing, as it is disturbing for the rest of the world, that the wars that we saw in the Balkans are now happening in other parts of the world, in Africa and the Middle East... It is my concern that we are seeing a new social condition in which crime, ethnicity and violence are becoming a long-term poisonous combination," she said. "And for the European Union to survive this poisonous combination, for this poisonous combination not to affect the European Union itself, then a value new, that thinks about this, and not in terms of reaching agreements with ethnic movements, but the social situation must be changed, which means, to think about the economic and social aspect, climate change, human rights and the ways in which justice becomes meaningful."/voa
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