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"Bad sign for democracy"/ Parliament neglects reporting by institutions
The Albanian Parliament closed the proceedings of the 10th parliamentary legislature on Thursday by voting on a dozen laws proposed by the government, but leaving aside the reporting of independent institutions - constitutional and those established by law - a parliamentary oversight process that had to be carried out within June, according to the legal obligation in the Rules of Procedure of the Parliament.
Dozens of independent institutions that report to the Assembly on the work of the previous year – based on recommendations left by the Assembly and recommendations stemming from the European integration process – failed to perform this functional duty due to the Assembly's negligence.
The process envisaged reporting on the work and status of the sectors for 2024 to the responsible committees and then to a plenary session of the heads of justice system institutions.
The heads of the High Judicial Council, the High Prosecutorial Council, the Special Prosecutor's Office (SPAK), the Prosecutor General, the Inspectorate of Justice, as well as other important institutions such as the Ombudsman, the Supreme State Audit Office, and the Bank of Albania were required to report to the deputies.
Reporting to the Parliament by these institutions is considered an essential democratic and transparent process, where the public has the opportunity to learn about the state of the judiciary, the progress of the fight against crime and corruption, economic issues, etc.
But, even though the institutions submitted the reports according to the legal deadlines and these documents became part of a public consultation, and were even formally included in the Assembly's work calendar for the period June 19 - July 8, the Assembly did not complete this process, leaving it to the new legislature emerging from the May 11 elections, which begins work in September.
Although the delay was apparently attributed to a long break, more than two months, in parliamentary activity with the justification of MPs' engagement in the election campaign, there was no concrete commitment by the Assembly to find a mechanism for the implementation of the reports.
The Speaker of the Parliament, Elisa Spiropali, did not respond to BIRN's request to comment on the consequences of the failure to complete the process for the oversight role of the Parliament and for the very functionality of independent institutions, but during the last parliamentary session she removed responsibility from herself and suggested that the process could be carried out beyond the legal deadlines.
"It is not within the competence of the Speaker of Parliament to determine the calendar of parliamentary committees, I believe that the new parliament will have the legitimacy to convene them and to hear and draft resolutions," said Spiropali, responding to the concern of Democratic MP Bujar Leskaj on this issue.
Procedura ligjore parashikon që pas seancave dëgjimore publike me krerët e institucioneve Kuvendi miraton rezoluta periodike me vlerësime dhe rekomandime dhe i vetmi mekanizëm mbikëqyrje për zbatimin e tyre është raportimi pasardhës vjetor.
Proces formal dhe në dëm të demokracisë
Organizatat e të drejtave të njeriut që monitorojnë punën e Kuvendit e shohin këtë neglizhencë të Kuvendit për të ushtruar në kohë rolin e vet kontrollues si një rrezik për demokracinë e funksionalitetin e institucioneve të pavarura dhe kthimin e këtij procesi në një formalitet.
“Nuk qëndron alibia e drejtueses së Kuvendit së janë përgjegjës komisionet, për aq kohë sa kryesia e Kuvendit është e detyruar të menaxhojë kalendarin dhe axhendën dhe të detyrojë komisionet të fusin në axhendë çështje me interes dhe të mbrojë parlamentarizmin”, i tha BIRN-it, Afrim Krasniqi, drejtor i Institutit të Studimeve Politike.
Duke e cilësuar situatën e krijuar si “paradoksale dhe shenjë e keqe për demokracinë dhe parlamentarizmin”, Krasniqi e lidh këtë sjellje të Kuvendit me kontekstin e rezultateve zgjedhore të majit dhe fitoren e thellë të Partisë Socialiste në pushtet.
“Mazhoranca ka fituar një shumicë dërrmuese të mandateve dhe deri diku është dobësuar i gjithë koncepti i institucioneve të pavarura dhe rëndësia e tyre dhe raporti i tyre me parlamentit dhe vetë funksioni mbikëqyrës i parlamentit”, thekson ai.
Sipas Krasniqit ky është gjithashtu “një mesazh negativ” se si do të jetë legjislatura e ardhshme, -“një mazhorancë solide që e bën të panevojshme rolin e opozitës dhe automatikisht dërgon mesazhin që institucionet e pavarura nuk do të jenë më të pavarura, por do të jenë të cënueshme”.
Edhe Erida Skëndaj, drejtoreshë e Komitetit Shqiptar të Helsinkit, e quan dështim të Kuvendit që të kryejë në kohën e duhur funksionin e tij mbikëqyrës ndaj institucioneve të pavarura.
“Shoqëruar me faktin e dështimit prej kohësh të zgjedhjes së titullarëve të institucioneve të pavarura si Avokati i Popullit apo Komisioneri për Mbrojtjen nga Diskriminimi, kjo dobësoi klimën e llogaridhënies së organit që mban pushtetin ligjbërës që duhet të ishte modeli kryesor për institucionet dhe zgjedhësit, i respektimit të parimeve të shtetit ligjor”, i tha ajo BIRN-it.
KSHH dhe organizatat e tjera u përfshinë me komentet dhe sugjerimet e tyre në procesin e konsultimit publik që ishte i hapur në platformën e Kuvendit deri më datë 23 qershor, por siç thotë Skëndaj, duket se procesi i konsultimit është përdorur si mjet formal për të justifikuar shtyrjen pa afat të raportimit të institucioneve.
“Kuvendi nuk i’u përgjigj me të njëjtën korrektesë e përgjegjshmëri institucionale, aktorëve që konsultuan dhe dhanë mendime për raportet e këtyre institucioneve”, tha më tej Skëndaj duke iu referuar konsultimit.
Although it seems that the process was delayed due to the short time available from the moment of the public consultation until July 3, when the Assembly closed its proceedings, Lorin Kadiu, editor-in-chief of "Citizens Channel", also an organization that monitors the transparency of the Assembly, calls this delay "intentional".
"The Assembly, after the rush to engage in the electoral campaign, chose to enter a long period of recess, neglecting one of its essential functions: monitoring independent institutions," he told BIRN, adding that "this delay is not simply technical, it is a real obstacle to the institutions themselves, to transparency and to the accountability process that was supposed to help concretely improve their work."
All three organizations are concerned that this postponement will result in this important process becoming a formal act in the future.
"A formal and paradoxical situation is being created," says Afrim Krasniqi, according to whom in a parliament where 70 percent of the deputies will be new, they will be held accountable for tasks left by the previous parliament in 2024 and will leave tasks for 2025 when the year ends.
Even for Kadi, the failure to complete the process on time turns it into a formality and has consequences for other democratic processes that the Assembly must exercise.
"Since reviewing these reports is a process that requires time and debate, I believe that this postponement dilutes the impact of the recommendations and turns this exercise into a weightless formality," he says.
On the other hand, according to him, this will also have consequences in the transparency process, as moments when institutions are placed opposite each other in a monitoring function create few opportunities for transparency for the public./BIRN
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