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GREECE – MASSIVE VOTE FOR INVESTIGATION OF OFFICIALS
The Greek parliament has voted overwhelmingly to lift the immunity of 13 MPs from the ruling New Democracy party, involved in an investigation into fraud with European Union funds.
288 MPs participated in the vote, while only 9 were absent. The results show a broad political consensus, with almost all votes in favor of lifting immunity.
MEPs are involved in the European Public Prosecutor's Office (EPPO) investigation into the OPEKEPE agency, suspected of abusing millions of euros in EU agricultural subsidies.
9 MPs to be investigated for misdemeanor-level criminal offenses
2 of them (Katerina Papakosta and Kostas Karamanlis) face more serious charges, up to the level of a crime.
This decision paves the way for full criminal investigations, demonstrating a direct approach by the Greek parliament to justice.
ALBANIA – DEBATE ON IMMUNITY AND INTERFERENCE WITH JUSTICE
In contrast, a strong political and institutional debate is taking place in Albania about limiting the role of justice towards senior officials.
The socialist majority has proposed amendments to Article 242 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, which would prohibit courts from imposing suspension measures against:
* Prime Minister
* Ministers
* The President
* The People's Advocate
* Head of the Albanian Supreme Audit Institution
This initiative has been seen as an attempt to weaken anti-corruption mechanisms, at a time when SPAK is investigating sensitive issues.
STANDARDS IN THE EU – NO ABSOLUTE “INTOLERANCE”
European practices show that immunity is not an absolute shield:
France – There is a special court (CJR) that investigates ministers for criminal offenses while in office.
Italy – Attempts for political protection like “Lodo Alfano” have been rejected by the Constitutional Court
Germany – Immunity lifted by the Bundestag for any criminal prosecution
These models emphasize the principle that senior officials are not above the law.
GREEK PRECEDENT – RESIGNATIONS AND INVESTIGATIONS
Greece's case is not isolated. Former Agriculture Minister Makis Voridis resigned in 2025 following allegations of involvement in the same scandal involving EU funds.
The investigation was coordinated by the EPPO and led to concrete parliamentary procedures for the lifting of immunity.
CASES IN ALBANIA – NON-UNIFORM APPROACH
Rama has allowed justice to act quickly when the political cost has been low, but has blocked or relativized the process when the circle of real power has been affected.
Precedenti i parë i rëndësishëm u shënua në vitin 2018, kur mazhoranca socialiste refuzoi t’i hapte rrugë arrestimit të ish-ministrit Saimir Tahiri, pavarësisht kërkesës së Prokurorisë për Krime të Rënda. Kuvendi zgjodhi një rrugë të ndërmjetme, duke mos autorizuar heqjen e lirisë, por vetëm masa më të lehta sigurie, ndërsa Tahiri më pas, në një fazë të veçantë, dha dorëheqjen nga mandati i deputetit.
Ky rast u konsiderua si një përdorim politik i imunitetit parlamentar. Pas krijimit të SPAK, qasja e mazhorancës ndryshoi në disa raste. Kuvendi miratoi pa rezistencë heqjen e imunitetit për ish-zv.kryeministrin Arben Ahmetaj, duke i hapur rrugë masave penale dhe hetimit të thelluar.
E njëjta linjë u ndoq edhe për deputetë socialistë si Alqi Bllako dhe Jurgis Çyrbja, ndërsa ish-ministri Lefter Koka u arrestua pa pasur nevojë për procedurë parlamentare, pasi nuk mbante më mandat deputeti.
Megjithatë, këto raste kishin një element të përbashkët: figurat e përfshira ishin ose tashmë të distancuara politikisht nga kryeministri, ose nuk përfaqësonin më një shtyllë të pushtetit ekzekutiv.
Ndryshe paraqitet situata kur hetimet prekin figura kyçe të qeverisë në detyrë. Rasti i kryebashkiakut të Tiranës, Erion Veliaj, u shoqërua me mbrojtje të fortë politike përpara se drejtësia të ndërhynte.
Në përjashtim nga ministrat dhe deputetët, kryebashkiakët nuk gëzojnë imunitet parlamentar, ndaj rasti i Veliajt përmendet vetëm si shembull i mbrojtjes politike, dhe jo si precedent procedural në Kuvend.
TESTI I RADHËS – RASTI I BELINDA BALLUKUT
Kërkesa e SPAK për forcim masash ndaj Belinda Ballukut konsiderohet një provë kyçe për mazhorancën.
Kuvendi ka në dorë:
* të lejojë hetimin pa pengesa
* ose të përdorë procedura që mund të zvarrisin vendimmarrjen deri në 3 muaj
Përdorimi i kësaj hapësire procedurale, edhe pse formalisht ligjor, mund të përbëjë një pengesë reale për drejtësinë dhe të cenojë frymën e Kushtetutës dhe parimin e barazisë para ligjit.
Për më tepër, çdo vendimmarrje ose mosvendimmarrje e Kuvendit në këtë fazë lexohet si sinjal politik për raportin e mazhorancës me Reformën në Drejtësi.
Nga Tahiri te Balluku, Kuvendi ka ndjekur qasje të ndryshme ndaj kërkesave të drejtësisë, duke krijuar një praktikë jo gjithmonë të njëtrajtshme.
REAGIMET NDËRKOMBËTARE – THIRRJE PËR MOSPENGIM TË DREJTËSISË
Ndërkombëtarët njëzëri i bëjnë thirrje politikës shqiptare që të mos pengojë drejtësinë në çështje të zyrtarëve të lartë. E para që reagoi, para se të niste seanca plenare ku votohej imuniteti i ish-zëvendëskryeministres Belinda Balluku, ishte Ambasada e Mbretërisë së Bashkuar, e cila i bëri thirrje Parlamentit që imuniteti nuk duhet të jetë pengesë.
The British Embassy stresses the importance of upholding the rule of law and judicial independence, and recognises Albania’s progress in judicial reform since 2016, including the establishment of SPAK. While parliamentary immunity should protect democratic processes, it should not be an obstacle to equal accountability before the law.
The German Embassy awaited the outcome of the hearing to remind Albanian politics that the prosecution of high-level corruption is a condition for integration. Germany supports Albania's EU integration process.
A necessary condition for making progress in this merit-based process is the effective prosecution of corruption, even in high-profile cases.
Our clear expectation is that even in these cases, criminal prosecution through justice can be carried out quickly and without obstacles. Albanian politics continues to be asked to guarantee this process.
Third in line of reactions was the Dutch Embassy, which had the same appeal as the British and Germans.
The European Commission underlines the fact that the fight against corruption is essential for integration. Commitment to the rule of law and the fight against corruption are of fundamental importance for the EU accession process.
Ensuring an appropriate environment for SPAK to effectively carry out its work is essential to credibly support Albania's progress towards membership in the European Union.
TERMINATION
While Greece is giving a strong signal for accountability and cooperation with European justice, Albania is at a critical moment, where political decision-making in the face of investigations of senior officials will determine not only the credibility of the institutions, but also the path towards the European Union.
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